ci: pin GitHub Actions to full-length commit SHAs

.github/ci/README.md

@@ -103,6 +103,15 @@ Checkout, Python setup, Node setup, and retry actions use Node 24-based releases
 (`checkout@v6`, `setup-python@v6`, `setup-node@v6`, `retry@v4`). The action
 runtime is separate from the Python and Node versions installed for tests.
 
+Remote action references are pinned to full commit SHAs with version comments,
+including the download and workflow retry steps. When updating an action,
+verify its SHA against the upstream repository and update the version comment.
+The offline policy checks reject mutable action references. Dependabot checks
+GitHub Actions weekly and groups their version updates; its seven-day cooldown
+filters newly published versions, rather than setting the interval between PRs.
+Its explicit `ci` commit prefix and dependency scope keep generated PR titles
+aligned with the repository's conventional-commit title checks.
+
 Node 22 satisfies commitlint's Node >=22.12 requirement. The root `package.json`
 and `package-lock.json` pin the title tooling and its transitive dependencies;
 CI uses `npm ci --ignore-scripts` and `npx --no-install`.

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
+    directory: "/"
+    commit-message:
+      prefix: "ci"
+      include: "scope"
+    groups:
+      github-actions:
+        patterns: ["*"]
+    schedule:
+      interval: "weekly"
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7

.github/workflows/lint_title.yml

@@ -18,10 +18,10 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       # This step is necessary because the lint title uses the .commitlintrc.js file in the project root directory.
       - name: Checkout Repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v6
+        uses: actions/checkout@d23441a48e516b6c34aea4fa41551a30e30af803 # v6
 
       - name: Setup Node.js
-        uses: actions/setup-node@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-node@249970729cb0ef3589644e2896645e5dc5ba9c38 # v6
         with:
           node-version: '22'
 

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Release please
         id: release_please
-        uses: googleapis/release-please-action@v4
+        uses: googleapis/release-please-action@5c625bfb5d1ff62eadeeb3772007f7f66fdcf071 # v4.4.1
         with:
           token: ${{ secrets.PAT }}
           release-type: simple
@@ -30,20 +30,20 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11d5960a326750d5838078e36cf38b85af677262 # v4.4.0
         if: needs.release.outputs.release_created == 'true'
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
 
       - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
         if: needs.release.outputs.release_created == 'true'
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-python@7f4fc3e22c37d6ff65e88745f38bd3157c663f7c # v4.9.1
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
 
       - name: Build wheel on Linux
         if: needs.release.outputs.release_created == 'true'
-        uses: RalfG/python-wheels-manylinux-build@v0.7.1-manylinux2014_x86_64
+        uses: RalfG/python-wheels-manylinux-build@ff8504699f7a33a08d3ff85b3c6d4e8f0e70462b # v0.7.1-manylinux2014_x86_64
         with:
           python-versions: 'cp38-cp38 cp39-cp39 cp310-cp310 cp311-cp311 cp312-cp312'
           build-requirements: 'numpy cython'
@@ -76,14 +76,14 @@ jobs:
         python-version: ["3.8", "3.9", "3.10", "3.11", "3.12"]
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@11d5960a326750d5838078e36cf38b85af677262 # v4.4.0
         if: needs.release.outputs.release_created == 'true'
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0
 
       - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
         if: needs.release.outputs.release_created == 'true'
-        uses: actions/setup-python@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-python@7f4fc3e22c37d6ff65e88745f38bd3157c663f7c # v4.9.1
         with:
           python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
 

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/stale@v3
+    - uses: actions/stale@98ed4cb500039dbcccf4bd9bedada4d0187f2757 # v3.0.19
       with:
         repo-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
         stale-issue-message: 'This issue is stale because it has been open for three months with no activity. Remove the stale label or comment on the issue otherwise this will be closed in 5 days'

.github/workflows/test_qlib_from_pip.yml

@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Test qlib from pip
-      uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      uses: actions/checkout@d23441a48e516b6c34aea4fa41551a30e30af803 # v6
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
 
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+      uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ jobs:
         python -m pip install --no-binary=:all: lightgbm
 
     - name: Downloads dependencies data
-      uses: nick-fields/retry@v4
+      uses: nick-fields/retry@ad984534de44a9489a53aefd81eb77f87c70dc60 # v4
       with:
         timeout_minutes: 15
         max_attempts: 3
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
           python -m qlib.cli.data qlib_data --target_dir ~/.qlib/qlib_data/cn_data --region cn --delete_old False
 
     - name: Test workflow by config
-      uses: nick-fields/retry@v4
+      uses: nick-fields/retry@ad984534de44a9489a53aefd81eb77f87c70dc60 # v4
       with:
         timeout_minutes: 30
         max_attempts: 3

.github/workflows/test_qlib_from_source.yml

@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Test qlib from source
-      uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      uses: actions/checkout@d23441a48e516b6c34aea4fa41551a30e30af803 # v6
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
 
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+      uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ jobs:
         make nbqa
 
     - name: Test data downloads
-      uses: nick-fields/retry@v4
+      uses: nick-fields/retry@ad984534de44a9489a53aefd81eb77f87c70dc60 # v4
       with:
         timeout_minutes: 15
         max_attempts: 3
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ jobs:
         make nbconvert
 
     - name: Test workflow by config (install from source)
-      uses: nick-fields/retry@v4
+      uses: nick-fields/retry@ad984534de44a9489a53aefd81eb77f87c70dc60 # v4
       with:
         timeout_minutes: 30
         max_attempts: 3
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Unit tests with Pytest (MacOS)
       if: ${{ matrix.os == 'macos-14' || matrix.os == 'macos-15' }}
-      uses: nick-fields/retry@v4
+      uses: nick-fields/retry@ad984534de44a9489a53aefd81eb77f87c70dc60 # v4
       with:
         timeout_minutes: 60
         max_attempts: 3
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ jobs:
 
     - name: Unit tests with Pytest (Ubuntu and Windows)
       if: ${{ matrix.os != 'macos-13' && matrix.os != 'macos-14' && matrix.os != 'macos-15' }}
-      uses: nick-fields/retry@v4
+      uses: nick-fields/retry@ad984534de44a9489a53aefd81eb77f87c70dc60 # v4
       with:
         timeout_minutes: 60
         max_attempts: 3

.github/workflows/test_qlib_from_source_slow.yml

@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Test qlib from source slow
-      uses: actions/checkout@v6
+      uses: actions/checkout@d23441a48e516b6c34aea4fa41551a30e30af803 # v6
       with:
         fetch-depth: 0
 
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}
-      uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+      uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6
       with:
         python-version: ${{ matrix.python-version }}
 
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ jobs:
       run: python -c "import cvxpy, osqp; print('CVXPY', cvxpy.__version__, 'OSQP', osqp.__version__)"
 
     - name: Downloads dependencies data
-      uses: nick-fields/retry@v4
+      uses: nick-fields/retry@ad984534de44a9489a53aefd81eb77f87c70dc60 # v4
       with:
         timeout_minutes: 15
         max_attempts: 3
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ jobs:
         command: python scripts/get_data.py qlib_data --name qlib_data_simple --target_dir ~/.qlib/qlib_data/cn_data --interval 1d --region cn --delete_old False
 
     - name: Unit tests with Pytest
-      uses: nick-fields/retry@v4
+      uses: nick-fields/retry@ad984534de44a9489a53aefd81eb77f87c70dc60 # v4
       with:
         timeout_minutes: 240
         max_attempts: 3

tests/test_ci_configuration.py

@@ -239,6 +239,28 @@ def test_consistency_and_native_import_are_checked(self):
                 self.assertEqual(steps[-1]["name"], "Report installed dependencies")
                 self.assertEqual(steps[-1]["if"], "always()")
 
+    def test_dependabot_action_updates_use_ci_commit_prefix(self):
+        config = yaml.safe_load((ROOT / ".github/dependabot.yml").read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+        updates = [entry for entry in config["updates"] if entry["package-ecosystem"] == "github-actions"]
+        self.assertTrue(updates)
+        for entry in updates:
+            with self.subTest(directory=entry["directory"]):
+                self.assertEqual(entry["commit-message"], {"prefix": "ci", "include": "scope"})
+
+    def test_remote_actions_use_full_commit_shas(self):
+        paths = sorted((ROOT / ".github/workflows").glob("*.yml"))
+        paths += sorted((ROOT / ".github/workflows").glob("*.yaml"))
+        self.assertTrue(paths)
+        for path in paths:
+            workflow = yaml.safe_load(path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+            for job in workflow["jobs"].values():
+                for entry in [job] + job.get("steps", []):
+                    reference = entry.get("uses", "")
+                    if not reference or reference.startswith("./"):
+                        continue
+                    with self.subTest(workflow=path.name, action=reference):
+                        self.assertRegex(reference, r"^[\w.-]+/[\w./-]+@[0-9a-f]{40}$")
+
     def test_title_lint_uses_a_lockfile_and_no_dynamic_download(self):
         workflow = yaml.safe_load((ROOT / ".github/workflows/lint_title.yml").read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
         steps = workflow["jobs"]["lint-title"]["steps"]