AruanPSX

AES Oxide - PlayStation (PSX) emulator core in Rust

A standalone library crate — the host drives Emulator::run_frame, pulls the display framebuffer and 44.1 kHz stereo audio, and feeds controller state back in.

Implemented from public hardware documentation (PSX architecture notes).

Features

• R3000A interpreter with load/branch delay slots and COP0 exceptions
• GTE command set and register-file behavior
• Scanline-level video timing and a native-resolution software GPU
• Optional WGPU hardware polygon renderer for enhanced internal resolutions; draw commands rasterize on the host GPU and native VRAM is resolved lazily when CPU readback or framebuffer-texture feedback requires it. Emulator::framebuffer() synchronizes before reading; code reading bus.gpu.vram directly should call bus.gpu.sync_native_vram() first.
• CD-ROM, XA-ADPCM/CD-DA audio, SPU voices/ADSR/noise/reverb, MDEC, DMA, timers, controllers, and memory cards
• CPAL audio output uses a lock-free single-producer/single-consumer queue with adaptive resampling to the host device rate
• Real BIOS boot of retail discs, verified with Crash Bandicoot: Warped

GPU Player

Use play_gpu for hardware rendering, audio, and gamepad support:

cargo run --release --example play_gpu -- <game.cue> [bios.bin] --res=4x

--res controls internal polygon rendering, not the host window. Supported scales are 1x, 2x, 4x, 6x, and 8x; a WIDTHxHEIGHT value such as 3840x2160 selects the nearest supported scale. For a typical 512x240 game mode, 3840x2160 selects 8x. --window-size=WIDTHxHEIGHT changes only the window. --sw forces software rendering, --fast skips the BIOS shell, and --dynarec enables the experimental CPU translator. --mute runs silently for visual/performance checks. --texture-filter=nearest or --texture-filter=bilinear selects polygon texture filtering. Nearest is the default to keep FF9 dialogue and other low-resolution text crisp. The CRT presentation effect adds restrained scanlines and an RGB phosphor mask after rendering; use --crt=off to disable it, or press C to toggle it while playing.

Controls: arrows = D-pad; Z/X/A/S = Cross/Circle/Square/Triangle; Q/W = L1/R1; E/R = L2/R2; Enter = Start; Backspace = Select; Tab = fast-forward; Esc = quit. F toggles display scaling (smooth/sharp), T toggles polygon texture filtering, C toggles the CRT presentation effect, and D toggles PS1 dithering. Gamepads are also supported.

Nearest texture sampling preserves the original pixel edges. Bilinear filtering remains available and smooths decoded texture colors while clamping samples to each primitive's UV bounds, but it can soften pixel-art details. The CRT effect is separate from texture sampling, so it does not blur dialogue fonts.

The hardware renderer rasterizes polygons on the host GPU. FSR 3/4 is not used: temporal upscalers need motion vectors and frame history that this PS1 renderer does not provide. Higher internal resolution improves polygon edges; it does not add geometry or detail to the original models and textures.

Building

cargo test --release --offline
cargo run --release --example headless -- <bios> [cue] --frames 600

The original play frontend uses minifb; play_gpu uses WGPU for hardware rendering and presentation. headless runs without a window and writes PNG screenshots. Boot tests skip when dumps are unavailable; set PSX_BIOS and PSX_GAME to run the real BIOS/disc test.

License

MIT