150. Evaluate Reverse Polish Notation - 逆波兰表达式求值

Tags - 题目标签

Description - 题目描述

EN:

You are given an array of strings tokens that represents an arithmetic expression in a Reverse Polish Notation.

Evaluate the expression. Return an integer that represents the value of the expression.

Note that:

The valid operators are '+', '-', '*', and '/'.
Each operand may be an integer or another expression.
The division between two integers always truncates toward zero.
There will not be any division by zero.
The input represents a valid arithmetic expression in a reverse polish notation.
The answer and all the intermediate calculations can be represented in a 32-bit integer.

Example 1:

Input: tokens = ["2","1","+","3","*"]
Output: 9
Explanation: ((2 + 1) * 3) = 9

Example 2:

Input: tokens = ["4","13","5","/","+"]
Output: 6
Explanation: (4 + (13 / 5)) = 6

Example 3:

Input: tokens = ["10","6","9","3","+","-11","*","/","*","17","+","5","+"]
Output: 22
Explanation: ((10 * (6 / ((9 + 3) * -11))) + 17) + 5
= ((10 * (6 / (12 * -11))) + 17) + 5
= ((10 * (6 / -132)) + 17) + 5
= ((10 * 0) + 17) + 5
= (0 + 17) + 5
= 17 + 5
= 22

Constraints:

1 <= tokens.length <= 10⁴
tokens[i] is either an operator: "+", "-", "*", or "/", or an integer in the range [-200, 200].

ZH-CN:

给你一个字符串数组 tokens ，表示一个根据逆波兰表示法表示的算术表达式。

请你计算该表达式。返回一个表示表达式值的整数。

注意：

有效的算符为 '+'、'-'、'*' 和 '/' 。
每个操作数（运算对象）都可以是一个整数或者另一个表达式。
两个整数之间的除法总是 向零截断 。
表达式中不含除零运算。
输入是一个根据逆波兰表示法表示的算术表达式。
答案及所有中间计算结果可以用 32 位 整数表示。

示例 1：

输入：tokens = ["2","1","+","3","*"]
输出：9
解释：该算式转化为常见的中缀算术表达式为：((2 + 1) * 3) = 9

示例 2：

输入：tokens = ["4","13","5","/","+"]
输出：6
解释：该算式转化为常见的中缀算术表达式为：(4 + (13 / 5)) = 6

示例 3：

输入：tokens = ["10","6","9","3","+","-11","*","/","*","17","+","5","+"]
输出：22
解释：该算式转化为常见的中缀算术表达式为：
  ((10 * (6 / ((9 + 3) * -11))) + 17) + 5
= ((10 * (6 / (12 * -11))) + 17) + 5
= ((10 * (6 / -132)) + 17) + 5
= ((10 * 0) + 17) + 5
= (0 + 17) + 5
= 17 + 5
= 22

提示：

1 <= tokens.length <= 10⁴
tokens[i] 是一个算符（"+"、"-"、"*" 或 "/"），或是在范围 [-200, 200] 内的一个整数

逆波兰表达式：

逆波兰表达式是一种后缀表达式，所谓后缀就是指算符写在后面。

平常使用的算式则是一种中缀表达式，如 ( 1 + 2 ) * ( 3 + 4 ) 。
该算式的逆波兰表达式写法为 ( ( 1 2 + ) ( 3 4 + ) * ) 。

逆波兰表达式主要有以下两个优点：

去掉括号后表达式无歧义，上式即便写成 1 2 + 3 4 + * 也可以依据次序计算出正确结果。
适合用栈操作运算：遇到数字则入栈；遇到算符则取出栈顶两个数字进行计算，并将结果压入栈中

Link - 题目链接

LeetCode - LeetCode-CN

Latest Accepted Submissions - 最近一次 AC 的提交

Language	Runtime	Memory	Submission Time
javascript	84 ms	39.4 MB	2020/03/23 22:33

/**
 * @param {string[]} tokens
 * @return {number}
 */
var evalRPN = function(tokens) {
    if(tokens.length === 0) {
        return null;
    }
    if(tokens.length === 1) {
        return tokens[0];
    } 
    var stack = [];
    var i = 0;
    while (i < tokens.length) {
        while (!isNaN(+ tokens[i])) {
            stack.push(tokens[i]);
            i++;
        }
        var sign = tokens[i];
        var right = stack.pop();
        var left = stack.pop();
        
        if (sign === "/") {
            var realVal = eval(left + sign + " " + right);
            if (realVal < 0) {
                var val = Math.ceil(realVal);
            } else {
                var val = Math.floor(realVal);
            }
        } else {
            var val = eval(left + sign + " " + right);
        }
        
        stack.push(val);
        i++;
    }

    while(stack.length !== 0) {
        var res = stack.pop();
    }
    return res;
};

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